Mid-West+Native+Americans

=**Tribes of the Upper Mid-West**= By Jeffry Clayton and Heather Blackwood

**Location**
Tribes of the Upper Mid-West resided in the following present-day states: Illinois, Michigan, Ohio and Wisconsin. The Ottawa, Chippewa, and Kickapoo are three notable tribes that could be found in the Upper Mid-West.

**Ottawa**
Ottawa, also considered as a branch of the Ojibwe, lived in the the northern shores of Lake Huron. Even though they are considered a branch of the Ojibwe, the Ottawa people are politically independent from the Ojibwe. There are five main dialects of the Ojibwe: Western Ojibwe, Eastern Ojibwe, Northern Ojibwe, Southern Ojibwe and Ottawa. //Ottawa// means "traders", which the Ottawa tribe were known as accomplished traders. Ottawa would usually refer to themselves as Anishinaabe, plural form was Anishinabek. There are currently 15,000 Ottawas in Michigan, Ontario, and Oklahoma. Some people also consider the Algonquin language to be an Ojibwe dialect. Ojibwe can be considered one of the heartiest of the Northern American languages, with many children being born and raised to speak it. They would at times paint their faces many colors, primarily green or red. In Canada their reputation isn't exactly the greatest. They have been accused of being rude, cruel at an unusual degree and at times blamed for cannibalism. After awhile though, the accusations were forgotten and the Ottawa's reputation took a turn for the better.

The following are or were Ottawa villages:
 * Aegakotcheising
 * Anamiewatigong
 * Apontigoumy
 * Machonee
 * Manistee
 * Menawzhetaunaung
 * Meshkemau
 * Michilimackinac
 * Middle Village
 * Obidgewong (mixed)
 * Oquanoxa
 * Roche de Boeuf
 * Saint Simon (mission)
 * Shabawywyagun
 * Tushquegan
 * Waganakisi
 * Walpole Island
 * Waugau
 * Wolf Rapids


 * Chippewa**

The Chippewa, meaning "to roast until puckered up," are also known as the Ojibwe, and known by its own speakers as Anishinabe or Anishinaabemowin. Their language is spoken by over 50,000 people in the northern United States and southern Canada. In Canada, they are more known as the Ojibwe, but in the United States, they are are reffered to as the Chippewa. The Chippewa are one of the most widely distributed Native American groups in the United States. There are over 200,000 Chippewa Native Americans living in their traditional territories today.

Both the Chippewa and Ottawa Native Americans are in a longstanding alliance with the Potawatomi tribe, called the Council of Three Fires.

Chippewa/Ojibwe Recipes: Ojibwe Style Indian Tacos Ojibwe Mountain Soup Ojibwe Butterbean Soup Ojibwe Style Fried Bread Ojibwe Berry Soup


 * Kickapoo**

Kickapoo: the name comes from the Algonquin word Kiwegapawa "he stands about" or "he moves about." The Kickapoo have an interesting language where the pitch of a word can change the meaning. Kickapoo is spoken in three language areas: Kansas, Oklahoma, and northern Mexico. They had originally lived in the states of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Illinois. The Kickapoo tribe was originally a branch of the Shawnee tripe, but their customs are more in common with their neighbors, the Fox and Sauk tribes. During wars it is said that many Kickapoo fought with war chief Black Hawk.

Other link(s): [|A Tribute to Native Americans]